Heat Output / Capacity: Usually expressed in kcal/hr or liters/hour e.g., 0.05 to 10 million kcal/hr for industrial steam-type systems.
Flow rate: Up to ~125 m/hr depending on model and rating.
Water storage/capacity: Some packaged units list capacities in liters (e.g., ~162 L).
Max outlet temperature (hot water): Up to ~9095 C for most direct hot water generators.
Pressurised models: Can handle higher temperatures depending on design and rating (up to ~140 C+).
Operating pressure: Atmospheric or low-pressure up to several kg/cm in industrial systems.
Fuels: Diesel (HSD/LDO), natural gas, LPG, coal, biomass, wood, dual fuel options.
Burner system: Fully automatic pressure-jet or multi-block burners with flame monitoring.
Electric options: Electric hot water generators use resistive heating elements with PID or thyristor control for temperature.
Thermal efficiency: Ranges from ~85% up to ~95% (NCV basis) depending on design, insulation, and fuel type.
Heat exchanger: Coil, shell-and-tube, or multi-pass designs to maximize heat transfer.

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